BIO‑KILN‑3 meets the key engineering requirements of the EBC standard for pyrolysis plants when using pyrolysis gases and control modes:
1) The principle of handling pyrolysis gases
The BIO-KILN-3 utilizes a design that prevents pyrolysis gases from being released into the atmosphere without treatment: all steam and gas are directed to a high-temperature, two-stage afterburner. This process produces a heat transfer fluid for further use in the pyrolysis and drying process.
2) Afterburner/thermal oxidizer
The unit includes a dedicated afterburning zone. It is located after the heat generation system (pyrolysis chamber).
3) Temperature mode and control
The actual operating temperature of the afterburner reaches up to 1340°C. The temperature regime is regulated by the ACS system, which is monitored using several thermocouples.
4) Residence time of gases
Residence time is determined by a combination of factors: chamber volume, channel geometry, and flow rate limitation. This parameter is calculated during the design stage based on the project’s performance and configuration.
5) Start-up and burner equipment
For start-up, starting gas burners with a power of <10 kW are used, designed to ignite the primary syngas from the raw material; after the installation reaches the operating mode, the starting burners are switched off.
6) Lining and thermal insulation
The lining is made of refractory materials (refractory concrete/brick) with a temperature resistance of ≥ 1550°C. Thermal insulation is ceramic wool with a thickness of 100–250 mm.
7) Gas path and heat loss
The gas path is short and insulated to minimize heat loss; heating is provided by thermal channels in the pyrolysis chamber.
8) Measurements and monitoring
Temperature monitoring points are provided: before the afterburner zone, in the afterburner zone, after the afterburner zone, as well as in the pyrolysis and raw material heating zone. CO/O₂ sensors can also be installed and integrated into the ACS monitoring system.
9) Dust and Particle Collection
The current configuration does not include a cyclone; afterburning of fine carbon particles is carried out in an afterburner at a temperature of > 1300°C (according to the design configuration).
10) Emission control and adaptation to national standards
Installation of flue gas measurement points and sampling ports is possible. The system can be adapted to national requirements.
BIO‑KILN‑3 provides the design and measurement solutions necessary to meet EBC requirements for pyrolysis gas handling and control.
